What’s normal vs not

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Normal: clear/white discharge that changes across the cycle, without strong odor or irritation.

See us if: discharge is new with strong odor, green/yellow color, cottage-cheese-like clumps, itching/burning, pelvic pain, bleeding after sex, or if you might have been exposed to an STI.

Common causes

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Bacterial vaginosis (BV): thin gray discharge with a fishy smell (often after sex or period).

Yeast (candidiasis): thick white discharge with itching/burning.

Trichomoniasis (STI): frothy yellow-green discharge, irritation.

Cervicitis/STIs (chlamydia/gonorrhea): may cause discharge and bleeding after sex; often silent.

Diagnosis & treatment

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Bedside pH/whiff tests, microscopic exam, and/or swab tests (including NAATs) guide treatment.

Most causes are easily treated; partners may need testing/treatment depending on the diagnosis.

Deep Dive

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At-home tips while waiting for results: avoid douching, perfumed products, and tight non-breathable clothing; use condoms until symptoms settle and testing is complete if an STI is possible.

Partner management: for certain infections (e.g., trichomoniasis), treating partners reduces reinfection risk.

Recurrent yeast/BV: maintenance regimens are available; we also assess contributing factors (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, antibiotic use).

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