What is the exact definition of this term?

A common hormone condition defined by two of three: irregular or absent ovulation, signs of high androgens (acne, excess hair or elevated blood levels), and polycystic-appearing ovaries on ultrasound— after excluding other causes.

Symptoms & health links

Irregular periods, difficulties conceiving, acne/hirsutism, weight gain or difficulty losing weight, insulin resistance, higher risk of diabetes and cholesterol problems over time, and mood concerns.

Care plan

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Lifestyle support (nutrition, physical activity, sleep) is foundational.

Cycle regulation & symptom control: combined pills or progestin therapy, LNG-IUS for heavy bleeding, treatments for skin/hair symptoms.

Metabolic health: consider metformin for insulin resistance or prediabetes; screen for diabetes, cholesterol, and blood pressure.

Fertility: letrozole is often first-line for ovulation induction; alternatives include clomiphene, metformin (selected cases), low-dose gonadotropins, or IVF if needed.

Long-term

Regular follow-up supports cycle health, fertility planning, and prevention of long-term complications.

Deep Dive

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Diagnosis: requires 2 of 3 criteria (ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology) after excluding other causes. Ultrasound alone is not enough if cycles are regular and androgens are normal.

Metabolic screening: periodic checks of glucose (or HbA1c), lipids, blood pressure, and sleep apnea risk.

Fertility expectations: many conceive with letrozole or simple measures; others benefit from a step-up approach to IUI or IVF.

Well-being: mood symptoms are common—support and treatment options are available and effective.

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