The Stages

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Early/Active Labor: regular contractions open (dilate) the cervix.

Second Stage: pushing and birth.

Third Stage: delivery of the placenta.

Comfort & support

Breathing and position changes, continuous labor support, water or heat therapy, nitrous oxide, opioids, or epidural—your birth plan, your choice.

Monitoring & safety

Fetal heartbeat and contraction monitoring, regular checks on progress and well-being.

After birth

Immediate skin-to-skin when possible, delayed cord clamping when appropriate, newborn checks, and support to initiate feeding.

Possible interventions

Assisted birth with vacuum/forceps if needed; episiotomy only when clinically indicated.

Deep Dive

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Progress: we assess cervical change over time rather than a single number; rest and position changes can aid progress.

Perineal care: warm compresses and controlled birth of the head decrease severe tears; pelvic floor exercises after birth support recovery.

Fourth trimester: plan for sleep, feeding support, mood check-ins, and pelvic floor recovery.

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